Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a genetic basis. It is associated with specific development of the central nervous system, affecting both the brain's biochemistry and its structure.

ADHD symptoms can change, and efforts can be made to minimize them, but the biological deficits are objective and persistent over time. Excessive screen time, poor lifestyle habits, and poor diet can worsen ADHD symptoms but are not the cause of the disorder.

In individuals with ADHD, disturbances in dopamine and serotonin neurotransmission are observed. These neurotransmitters are responsible for:

• Short-term memory

• The ability to retain learned information (learning)

• Impulsivity

• Physical arousal/motivation, increased need for movement

• Motivation

Additionally, the cerebral cortex in individuals with ADHD develops unevenly. Studies show reduced activity in the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for:

1. Planning, time management, organization, learning from mistakes, predicting consequences of actions

2. Inhibiting impulses (including aggressive ones), controlling behavior, adhering to social norms